To accurately estimate the battery state-of-charge in percent, from 0 to 100 %, the nPM1304's fuel gauge functionality uses a model of your battery along with the battery's temperature, voltage and the current measured by the PMIC. The estimation algorithm can then be run on any Arm Cortex M4 or M33, like those found in the nRF52, nRF53 and nRF91 Series and does not require additional hardware beyond this.
The battery model is created by doing an analysis of your specific battery, in your own lab, using the nPM1300 or nPM1304 Evaluation Kit.
Learn how to profile batteries from the comfort of your own lab: